A working bladder is something most people take for granted. “Peeing is generally such a monotonous, uneventful function, but for me, it’s a painful, eye-watering experience” says Becca Rabizadeh.

The question at this point is how well complete primary repair of bladder exstrophy, using the phallic disassembly technique, has met the goals of renal preservation, construction of a cosmetically ...