Modern society is definitely more mobile than it was several decades ago. Accompanying the increased mobility is a corresponding craving for greater quantities of information. The increased demand has ...

[brmarcum] takes us back to analog building block basics with his Frequency Modulation and Demodulation tutorial. Frequency Modulation (FM) sounds simple at first, but understanding the electronics ...

Frequency modulation spectroscopy is a nondestructive technology for determining the water activity of pharmaceutical samples. This article discusses the various pharmaceutical applications of ...

The average textbook definition of modulation reads: modulation is a process in which the frequency, phase or amplitude of a carrier wave varies in step with the instantaneous value of the modulating ...

Optical vector analysis has emerged as a critical tool for characterising optical devices, enabling simultaneous measurement of amplitude and phase responses over wide bandwidths. This technique is ...

The Internet explosion caused a surge in demand for new telecommunication services. The next wave of demand will come from new applications like third-generation (3G) high-speed personal ...

The most effective weapon in the infrastructure system designer's arsenal is the use of Direct Conversion Receiver (DCR) and Direct Conversion Transmitter (DCT) architectures for the BTS portion of ...

Doing more with less in electronics often means improving power density. One of the new areas garnering attention involves applying a variety of advanced modulation techniques, including PWM and space ...

The proposed CORDIC-less digital polar transmitter demonstrates superior power added efficiency (PAE) and system efficiency (SE) for similar modulation signals. It also supports wider bandwidths, ...

In this paper, performance analysis for different combining technique for receiver diversity in a MIMO system is presented. A general framework for diversity combining techniques in cooperative ...