The most common side effects of mRNA vaccines like the COVID-19 shot are well known: soreness, mild fever, and general ...

Engineers at the University of Pennsylvania have built a lipid nanoparticle that chemically fuses an IDO-pathway inhibitor with the very lipids that carry IL-12 mRNA into tumors, creating a single ...

Scientists have discovered that the internal shape of tiny drug-delivery particles—called lipid nanoparticles—has a big impact on how well our cells absorb them, paving the way to more efficient ...

A simple, chemical materials model may lead to a better understanding of the structure and organization of the cell according to a Penn State researcher. "Cells are interesting because they show ...

To create A1 lipid nanoparticles for delivering mRNA to target cells, scientists at the University of Pennsylvania used A3 coupling. A3 refers to the amine–aldehyde–alkyne coupling reaction, which the ...