Crystallization remains a pivotal unit operation across chemical and pharmaceutical industries, serving as a means for purification, product engineering, and optimisation of material properties. The ...

As stated earlier, filtration is the mechanical or physical removal of solids from fluids (liquid or air). This is achieved when the liquid passes through a filter medium, which reduces the number of ...

New and in-service fluids encounter solid contamination from machinery burrs, filter deterioration and blow-by, worn mechanical seals, dirt and sand from the environment, and solid oxides from ...

Particle size analysis gives information on the size distribution of particles. This can be used to calculate different properties of a particle and how they will act under certain conditions. This ...

Observing the behavior of the particles in the composite metals helps to understand the mechanism of losing its strength and ductility, which makes possible to design the composites metals with higher ...

Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (Tomo-PIV) is a 3D particle image velocimetry technology combined with computed tomography (CT), which can realize full-field quantitative measurement of spatial ...

Tomographic Particle Image Velocimetry (Tomo-PIV) is a 3D particle image velocimetry technology combined with computed tomography (CT), which can realize full-field quantitative measurement of spatial ...

Single-particle optical sensing (SPOS) was originally developed for the field of particulate contamination analysis. Particles in a liquid suspension flow through a small "photozone", a narrow, ...

Dynamic light scattering techniques are used to determine particle size distributions of protein therapeutic formulations. In DLS-based measurement, scattering intensity changes are associated across ...

In semiconductor manufacturing, a process called chemical mechanical planarization (CMP) is used for polishing wafer surfaces. CMP uses a slurry that contains both functional chemicals and ...