Can Nigeria’s states become true engines of development, or are they condemned to remain administrative outposts of a distant ...

Are climate summits successful in orchestrating effective subnational action? There is no easy answer to this question. For example, the 27th UN Conference of Parties (COP), billed as the ...

A World Bank report argues that understanding local, subnational business environments is key to driving job creation and economic growth, as national data often hides regional disparities. By using ...

Credit: Illustration by Catherine Putz. We’re used to hearing about how China’s growing overseas political influence campaigns are reshaping alliances and partnerships from South America to the ...

Over the past 15 years, the composition of development finance has undergone tremendous changes. What was previously dominated by official development assistance (ODA) provided by traditional ...

Thirty-two states and the Federal Capital Territory racked up nearly $1bn in fresh external loans in 2025, driving a year-on-year surge in subnational foreign debt despite higher inflows from ...

South Korean Foreign Minister Chung Eui-yong and U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken explored “creative” ways to engage North Korea on the sidelines of the United Nations General Assembly.

Subnational diplomacy has become an increasingly important part of foreign policy and international relations. This observation concerns a state of affairs that is not necessarily obvious or given.

A new study visualizes three decades of income inequality data, the most comprehensive worldwide mapping to be done at a subnational level. The results confirm worsening income inequality for areas ...

Nonpharmaceutical interventions such as stay-at-home orders continue to be the main policy response to the COVID-19 pandemic in countries with limited or slow vaccine rollout. Often, nonpharmaceutical ...

In January 2022, Nashik became the fifth city in Maharashtra to announce a municipal-level climate action plan. Now there are 40 other cities in the state formulating roadmaps for adaptation and ...