SHOULDER ASSESSMENT PART 12: APPREHENSION (CRANK) TEST FOR SHOULDER INSTBALITY The first test to assess for anterior shoulder instability is the Apprehension or Crank Test. When your patient feels apprehension during the test, it is considered positive for anterior instability. On top of that, pain anteriorly can indicate external impingement syndrome, while posterior pain could be indicative for internal glenoid impingement according to Cools et al. (2008). #Shoulderassessment #Shoulderinstabil

APPREHENSION TEST FOR ANTERIOR SHOULDER INSTABILITY Anterior instability - unlike other shoulder pathologies - can very well be diagnosed by clinical testing. According to the review and meta-analysis from Hegedus et al. (2012) that we posted about a week or two ago, the Apprehension test has a sensitivity of 66% and a specificity of 95%. This means a positive test increases the odds by LR 17.21 and a negative test decreases the odds of anterior instability by LR- of 0.39. This test is most ofte